AD3351 DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF ALGORITHMS Anna University Syllabus R2021

 AD3351 DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF ALGORITHMS  Anna University Syllabus R2021

AD3351          DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF ALGORITHMS     LTPC3024

 COURSE OBJECTIVES:

• To critically analyze the efficiency of alternative algorithmic solutions for the same problem

• To illustrate brute force and divide and conquer design techniques.

• To explain dynamic programming and greedy techniques for solving various problems.

•  To apply iterative improvement technique to solve optimization problems

•  To examine the limitations of algorithmic power and handling it in different problems.

UNIT I                                     INTRODUCTION                                  8

Notion of an Algorithm – Fundamentals of Algorithmic Problem Solving – Important Problem Types
–Fundamentals of the Analysis of Algorithm Efficiency – Analysis Framework - Asymptotic Notations
and their properties – Empirical analysis - Mathematical analysis of Recursive and Non-recursive
algorithms – Visualization.

UNIT II          BRUTE FORCE AND DIVIDE AND CONQUER          10

Brute Force – String Matching - Exhaustive Search - Traveling Salesman Problem - Knapsack
Problem - Assignment problem. Divide and Conquer Methodology – Multiplication of Large Integers
and Strassen’s Matrix Multiplication – Closest-Pair and Convex - Hull Problems. Decrease and
Conquer: - Topological Sorting – Transform and Conquer: Presorting – Heaps and Heap Sort.

UNIT III   DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING AND GREEDY TECHNIQUE     10

Dynamic programming – Principle of optimality - Coin changing problem – Warshall’s and Floyd‘s
algorithms – Optimal Binary Search Trees - Multi stage graph - Knapsack Problem and Memory
functions. Greedy Technique – Dijkstra’s algorithm - Huffman Trees and codes - 0/1 Knapsack
problem.

UNIT IV                             ITERATIVE IMPROVEMENT                                 8

The Simplex Method-The Maximum-Flow Problem – Maximum Matching in Bipartite Graphs- The
Stable marriage Problem.

UNIT V                    LIMITATIONS OF ALGORITHM POWER          9

Lower - Bound Arguments - P, NP, NP- Complete and NP Hard Problems. Backtracking – N-Queen
problem - Hamiltonian Circuit Problem – Subset Sum Problem. Branch and Bound – LIFO Search
and FIFO search - Assignment problem – Knapsack Problem – Traveling Salesman Problem -
Approximation Algorithms for NP-Hard Problems – Traveling Salesman problem – Knapsack
problem.

PRACTICAL EXERCISES:

1. Implement recursive and non-recursive algorithms and study the order of growth from log2n
to n!.
2. Divide and Conquer - Strassen’s Matrix Multiplication
3. Decrease and Conquer - Topological Sorting
4. Transform and Conquer - Heap Sort
5. Dynamic programming - Coin change Problem, Warshall’s and Floyd‘s algorithms, Knapsack
Problem
6. Greedy Technique – Dijkstra’s algorithm, Huffman Trees and codes
7. Iterative improvement - Simplex Method
8. Backtracking – N-Queen problem, Subset Sum Problem
9. Branch and Bound - Assignment problem, Traveling Salesman Problem

COURSE OUTCOMES:

At the end of this course, the students will be able to:
CO1: Analyze the efficiency of recursive and non-recursive algorithms mathematically
CO2: Analyze the efficiency of brute force, divide and conquer, decrease and conquer, Transform
and conquer algorithmic techniques
CO3: Implement and analyze the problems using dynamic programming and greedy algorithmic
techniques.
CO4: Solve the problems using iterative improvement techniques for optimization.
CO5: Compute the limitations of algorithmic power and solve the problems using backtracking and
branch and bound techniques.

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Anany Levitin, Introduction to the Design and Analysis of Algorithms, Third Edition, Pearson
Education, 2012.

REFERENCES:

1. Ellis Horowitz, Sartaj Sahni and Sanguthevar Rajasekaran, Computer Algorithms/ C++,
Second Edition, Universities Press, 2019.
2. Thomas H.Cormen, Charles E.Leiserson, Ronald L. Rivest and Clifford Stein, Introduction to
Algorithms, Third Edition, PHI Learning Private Limited, 2012.
3. S. Sridhar, Design and Analysis of Algorithms, Oxford university press, 2014.
4. Alfred V. Aho, John E. Hopcroft and Jeffrey D. Ullman, Data Structures and Algorithms,
Pearson Education, Reprint 2006